norling



R. A. NORLING. PNEUMATIC TURBINE DRILL. APPLIQATION rum) snm'. 16.1913.

Patented Aug. 4:, -1914` THENDRRISl PETERS F04. PHOTO-LITHQ. WASHINGTON. D C

R. A. NRLING. PNEUMATIC TURBINB DRILL. APPLIOATION FILED sPT.1a,191s.

Patented Aug. 4, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

REINHOLD,A. NORLING,`OF AURORA, `ILLINOIS,ASSIG-NOR vTO AURORA AUTOMATIC MACHINERY COMPANY, OFAURORA, ILLINOIS, A. CORPORATION OFILLINOIS.

PNEUMATIC TURBINE-DRILL.

Application filed September 18, 1913.

Specicaton 0f Letters Patent.

Serial No. 790,576.

To all 'whom it may concern Be it known that I, REiNHoLD A. Nomine, a citizen of theUnited` States, and a resident of Aurora, in the county of Kane and `State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Tur-` bine-Drills; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact `description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to theletters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to pneumatic ro-` tary turbine drills, .and more particularly to a portable pneumatic turbine motor particularly adapted to impart a rotary motion to drilling or tools of a similar nature.

The object of my invention is to provide a tool` of such construction that it is light in weight and hence easily portable, comparatively small in size making it possible to operate the same in `contracted areas which otherwise would be inaccessible to a power actuated tool, and yet capable of developing exceptionalpower in proportionto its size and weight.

My invention consists in the matters hereinafter described `and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a view in longitudinal section of the device embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional View taken on line 2*2 of Fig. 1; Fig. v3 is a ViewI in longitudinal section taken on line 3--3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a view in longitudinal section taken on line 4-11 of Fig. `1; Figo is a cross-sectional view taken on line 5--5 of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view` of the upper portion of therotor casing showing throttle lever and plunger in section.

Referring to the accompanying `drawings in which is illustrated one form of pneumatic turbine drill embodying my invention, such a device comprises the principal elements as follows, to wit: a rotor casing 1, a

gear casing 2 fixed to or integral With said rotor casing, a spindle casing 3, by preference, integral withsaid gear casing and otiset from said .rotor and gear 'casings, a rotor 4L within said rotor casing, airotor, shaft 5 mounted at its ends within bearingssup-` ported in said rotor and gear casings, a tool spindle 6 rotatively mounted within said spindle casing 3 and arranged parallel with `said rotor shaft, apressure applying `breast plate?- mounted at one end of the s indle Patented A. 4, 1914i.`

casing, gearing interposed between sai rotor t shaft and spindle, and means for supplying and controlling the flow of the motive Huid to the rotor.

The above named elements will now be described more in detail in order that a clear understanding may be had of the construction and operation of my device.

iThe rotor casing l is ofnietal, preferably of aluminum, or a similar light metal, as `are also the gear and spindle casings 2 and 3, said rotor casing being generally cylindrical in `shape and forming a rotor chamber the annular walls of which suri'ound the rotor 4.` The rotor casing is further provided with an inlet passage 1lL formed with an annularly projecting portion of the casing and which communicates with a throttle falve, the same being `interposed between said inlet passage and certain other passages formed withinthe rotor casing adapted to direct the flow of the motive fluid to the rotor. The construction and arrangement of the said throttle valve and passages will be hereinafter described in detail.

The gear casing 2 is, by preference, somewhat rectangular in cross-section, as shown in Fig. 2, and is provided at its end adjacent tothe rotor easing with an annular casing. A plurality of screws 9 extend through the flange 2"` and are anchored in the adjacent portion of the rotor casing, thereby uniting said rotor and gear casings.

The interior spaces of the rotor and geen casings are separated by a wall 2"` integral with the gear casing through which extends the rotor shaft 5. rlhe gear casing is closed at its opposite end by means ofa cover plate 10 Vwhich is removably secured `to, the gear case by means of studs 12, 12, (Figr) which extends through lugs 10, 10, formed .$53 flange 2L 1n which is formed a; shoulder against :which bears the margin of the rotor i sions formed inthe rotor casing and in them@ cover 10.v The rotor 4 fits upon a tapered portion 5a of the rotor shaft 5 and is secured in liXed relation thereto by means of a washer 15 and aunut 16, the latter.l engaging a threaded portion 5b of the shaft.

The form of antifriction bearing which I employ for the turbine shaft (Fig. 3)', comprises a thrust plate 17 fitting within the end of the bearing retaining depressions and acting to receive the end thrust of the shaft, a plurality of rollers 18 surrounding the shaft and held `vwithin a retaining cage 18a, axbearing washer 19 extending over the rollers 18 and retaining cage 18a, and a bushing 20 fitting ,within the said depres sions, and surroundingthe rollers andret-aining cage, lthe saine Aforming a bearing surface for said rollers. rlhis type of bearing is used :in several places throughout the device and hence need not again be described in detail. yThe rotor shaft bearing 14 mounted in the rotor casing, however, is

provided with means for supplying lubrication thereto as follows: vAn annular groove v21 surrounds the bushing and communicates with apertures 20 in the said bushing and an aperture 21av extending through the wall of the casing (Fig. 3). This aperture is provided throughout yits length with screw threads and retains a screw'plug 22, which may be removed to admit oil or greaseand screwed into thel hole, thus forcing the said oil or grease into the bearing. The rotor 4 comprises an annular wheel provided with a plurality of radial blades 4a having uniformly concave faces 4b against which is directed the motivefluid to drive the rotor.

` 'Referring now to the construction and arrangement yof the reducing gears vand other gearing employed to transmit the rotative motion of the rotor to the tool spindle, a clear understanding maybe had from the following: The rotor shaft is provided with a pinion 23 thereon, formed preferably upon the periphery of the shaft at a point immediatelyabove its reduced eX- treinity and within the gear casing. On either side of the rotor shaft and parallel therewith are two identical gear spindles 24, 24 having toothed gears 24a, 24a thereon or made integral therewith (Figs. 2 and 3) which comprise the first pair of the speed reducing or reduction gears. The axesl of vthese `gear spindles lie in ya plane of the axis of the rotor shaft at right angles to a plane passing through the axes of the rotor and tool spindle (as shown in Fig. 2). The extremities or journaled portions of the said spindles are free vto rotate in anti-friction bearings V14, mounted in depressions formed in the wall 2b and the cover 10, respectively, of the gear casing.- These gear v`spindles are also `provided with pinions 24b thereon or integral therewith so that each spindle may duction gears 24, 24 are two other gear` .spindles 25 y'which are identicalwith the gear spindles 24, the aXis of the spindles 25 also lying in a plane at right `angles to the plane of the axes of the rotor ,shaft and tool spindle 6. r1`hese last mentioned gear spin-4 dles comprise the second. set of i reducing I gears (Figs. 2 and 4) and likewiserhave their extremities or Journal portions mounted `in antifriction roller [bearings 14, 14

`mounted in depressions formed in the wall 2b ef the gear casing and in the cover 10 thereof. vThe said `second set of reducing gears comprises gear wheels 25a, 25a and pinions25?, 25b,`which may be of ,identicalv construction with gear wheels` 24aj'and pinions 24h, the pinionszin this instance lying in the plane of the gear wheels 24a, 24a of the iirst set of reduction gears and meshingy therewith, and the gear wheels 25?, 25a being located immediately below the said pinions. The pinions 25h, 25b1 of .the secondl pair of reduction gears 25, 25, both mesh with an intermediate oridler gear 26 mounted substantially between the said set of reduction gears and slightly in advance thereof in the direction of the tool spindle. rl`he axis of said idlergear 26 y'lies inthe plane of the 27 connecting the gear casing and spindle casing, and is provided at its inner extrem-L ity with screw threads. Within the said bore is contained "a non-rotative bearing;4 f

shaft 28, the same being provided with a screw-threaded end portion adapted vto enfy gagethe screw threads at the upper endk of the bore. The idler gear rotates about said `bearing shaft, there being a plurality of antifriction or lbearing "rollers 29 interposed between the gear and the shaft, and washers 30, 30 are interposed between` the end surfaces of the gear and rollers and the adjacent surfaces vof the slot.y The said yidler or transmission gear 26 meshes with la pinion 31 formed by the periphery of the tool spindle 6, which is rotatably` mounted in the spindle casing in a manner` herein-l after described.

By means of the above described arrangev ment of gears, the rotative movement of the rotor shaft,.which is designed to be rotated at a high rate of speed, is transmitted to the first set of reduction gears 2li by reason of the intermeshingof the rotor shaft pinion 28 and the gear wheels Qf-l, the speed being reduced in proportion to the relative diame` ter of said `gear wheels and the rotor shaft pinion. The rotation of the `first pair' ot reduction is transmitted to the second set by the meshing of the pinions 24th, 24 of the first set of reduction gears with the gear wheels 25a, 2512er the second set of reduction gears, the speed in that manner being; further reduced. The `power of the rotor shaft which has been divided between the several gear wheels `and pinions of the` correspondd ing gear spindle `ois the reduction gears is againunited in the meshing oi the pinions 25h, 251 of the second set of reduction gears with the idler gear Q6, and thence trans` mitted to the tool spindle from the said idler gear wheel by the meshingof the saine with the pinion 3l of the tool spindle 6. The speed of rotation transmitted to the said tool spindle is in'this manner reduced to a;

degree proper' for the operation of the drillingor other' tool held by the tool spindle.

The purpose of employing two identical gear spindles constituting each set of reduc tion gears `is to eliminate a lateral or axial movement of the rotor shaft, thereby affording a perfect running balance and stability of the same which is advisable if not essential in view of the high rate of speed at which the rotor revolves.

Referring now to the construction oi' the tool spindle 6, the same comprises a tubular sleeve which projects through and beyond one extremity oit' the spindle casing 3. The said spindle is provided with bearings as follows: Surrounding' the spindle at its central portion is an antifriction spindle bearing 33 comprising a series otrollers 33 which are retained between two end plates E-t and bear against abushing 35 surroundingthe said rollers. An annular' lange G"l integral with the spindle is located at the lower end of the pinion 3l,.and is adapted to bear against the adjacent end plate 34 oit' the bearing' 33, thereby preventing; the endwise movement et the spindle in a direction toward the outer extremity of the same. The spindle terminates within the casing at some distance from the upper end thereof and at its inner extremity is provided with an annular axial cavity or bore 6b within which is mounted a bearing member or stud 36, 'forniing' a support for an end of the tool spindle, the spindle and bearing,` stud being provided with a roller bearing and a thrust bearing constructed as follows: In, and, by preterence, extending through the upper portion of the spindle casing' in axial alinement with the spindle is a bore 3, the inner portion'oiti the same engaging and supporting a cylindric projection or shank of the spindle bearing member `or stud 36 which projects into the cavity Gl et the spindle as already sug-` gested. The spindle bearing` stud is held in position by means ot an annular lange 3G thereon and which may be integral therewith and which abuts against a shoulder formed in the wall of the spindle casing and a plurality `of rivets 3T extend through the wall ol.z the casing' and the said flange 36u. With in the cavity (3 of the spindle is a thrust bearing'` 38 eon'ijn'isinn` a ball race 39 restino' upon a shoulder ,t'orifned at the base of sai cavity, a plurality of bearing balls 39 retained in. an annular groove insaid ball race,

`and a thrust plate 4t() acting; as a bearing surface :t'or said balls 38 and adapted to bear against the end iace of the spindle bearing stud 36. Snrreundingthe spindle bearing stud 36 is a roller bearing comprising` a plurality ot rollers 4l held within a roller-retainingy cage elle The rollers bear upon the cylindric surface ot the bearingstud 3G and against the inner marginal portion of the cavity G, The spindle is held within its casing` bynieans ot' a stuiiing box t3 by which it is encircled and which engages an` internally threaded portion of the spindle casing at the lower extremity oit the casing and bears against the adjacent end plate 31.1: of the spindle bearing' 353, the opposite end plate J4- et said bearing ring; in engagement with the annular shoulder G*- on the tool spindle. The said stuilinp; box `is provided with a cheek nut 1- which engages the threaded projecting end portion thereof. This nut is in abutting engageinentwith the margin of the casing'. Immediately adjacent to the check nut and also having' screw-threaded engagemei'it with the stuilingbox or bushinplr ii-iis a stutlingr box nut or cap 45 provided with an annular recess in which is held a [melting ringfi tightly surrounding the spindle, thereby preventing the leakage` of oil 'from the spindle casing. The central bore of the spindle is preferably of a uniform diameter' and provided at its inner portion with a plurality et longitudinally extending ribst` A socket sleeve 49 having a tapered bore fits sni'lgly in the bore of the spindle and is provided upon its outer surfacewith longitudinal grooves 49 adapted to engage the ribs 48 of the spindle, thereby preventing the rotation o'f the socket sleeve within the spindle. The said socket sleeve projects slightly beyond the end of the spindle and is provided with a flange 419k] at its projecting end which overlaps the extremity of said spindle. A lock nut 50 engages the threaded end of the spindle and bears against the socket sleeve acting to hold the same within the bore of the spindle. At the upper' end oi the spindle casing'` and having screwthreaded engagement with the bore 3 is a stud 5l extending beyond the end oli the casing. Upon'this stud is mounted the breast f plate 7, the same having screw-threaded en- .f gagement with the stud and beingheld from rotation by means of a pin 52 extending in a co-pending application led by me onv the 18th day of September, 1913, and bearing Serial No. 790,575. For that reason'a detailed description of this `part of the device is thought unnecessary and it will suffice to say that annular' channels 53 and 54 lare formed in the casing by cutting grooves in the rotor casing, the same being surrounded by a ring Each of these channels communicates with a plurality of small passages or nozzles 56 and 57. The nozzles or passages 56 are inclined at an angle to thev axis of the rotor s as to direct the motive fluid against the concaved faces of the blades t0 drive the same in the proper direction. for the operation of the drill or other tool.v The nozzles or passages 57 are inclined with respect to the axis of the rotor in a direction opposite to the passages 56 so that vthe motive fluid issuing therefrom will drive the rotor in the opposite direction. The air channels 53, 54k communicate with the inclined passages S and 59, respectively, which register with the ports and 61, respectively, of a valve bushing 62 constitut ing a part of the throttle valve 8. The valve member 6B rotates within the valve bushing and is provided with a port- 63a which constantly registers with a large port 64 of the bushing 62, communicating with the. said passage la and with either the ports 6l or .62 of the bushing, vthus directing the motive fluid into either-'air channel 53 or 54, to drive the rotor in either direction, as desired, by means of the oppositely inclined nozzles or 57 which surround the periphery of the rotor. The port 63a of the valve member is also adapted to be closed in one position by the register-ing of the same with the portion of the valve bushing between lthe ports 60y and Gl thereof.

is illustrated and described in my loe-- fore mentioned co-pending application, the valve member is provided. with a lever 65 adapted to occupy the open, rev rsed and closed positions corresponding to the position of the valve member, to direct the flow of the motive fluid so as to drive. the rotor in forward or backward directions oi' to shut olf' the fluid, as the operator desires. The purpose of admitting the fluid to reverse the normal directionfof rotation is to provide a brake as is fully pointed out in my co-pend. ving application. `To prevent 'the lever re vwith each other. p

The features of constriictioniof the throt-` ymaining 'in the reverse position, I provide the lever with a linger 65FL which engages a spring actuated plunger 66 which is mounted in a bore formed in the rotorv casing and containing a coiledspring 67. Thus to vre-v strainer 7G of fine metal gauze to prevent dirt from being carried into the valve and passages. Suitable hose connections'k may be attached to the said reducing fitting by means ofwhich compressed air or other vsuitable motive iiuid may be supplied tothe device. lt is to be understood kthat the breast plate 7 may be replaced by any other form of pressure applying device as a handle adapted to be grasped by the hand of the operator.

Among the features of construction which are `particularly advantageous for the utilization of tools of this class may be .men-1 tioned the compact arrangement of the parts secured by mounting the rotor and 'gear casing and the spindle side by side, thus pro--r viding a tool that is capable of operating in considerably smaller spaces than would be the case were the spindle mounted in axial alinement with the rotor as is the more common practice. Such an arrangement is made possible bythe manner in which the power is transmitted from the rotor to the spindle, that is, in the form of gearing employed and the arrangement of the same, whereby 'the lateral thrustinthe rotative members is entirely eliminated and the attendant frictional loss and wear in the several parts, by reason of the provision 'of pairs of reducing gear and the manner in which they coact with the rotor shaft and bodying the general principles of construction and-operation present 'in the device] illustrated and described, and set forth in the claims, may be embodied in various Inechanical forms and my linvention is not limited to thev specific features of construction shown and described yexcept Ias set forth in the appended claims. 'l

l claim as my invention:

l. ln a pneumatic rotary turbine drill, the combination of a casing, a rotor, av rotor `Within the inlet opening 1a is' Y70 verse the direction of rotation of the rotor,

lio

l SO

shaft provided with a piston, a tool spindle (tool spindle and the pinion of the rotor;

shaft, the same comprising a set of gear spindles mounted 1n said lCasing' and pro- `vided with gear wheels `meshing with the pinion of the rotor shaft at points thereof diametrieally opposed, and driving means interposed between said set of speed redue ing gearing and tool spindle.

2. In a pneumatie rotary turbine drill, the combination f of a easing, a rotor supported in said easing, a rotor shaft provided with a pinion, a tool spindle mounted in the easing parallel with the rotor shaft, and pro-- vided` with gear teeth, an intermediate gear wheel mounted in the casing `and meshing` with the gear teeth of the tool spindle, and speed `reducing gearing interposed between said intermediate gear wheel and the pinion of the rotor shaft the same comprising a set of gear spindles mounted in said easing and in operative connection with said intermediate gear wheel and provided with gear Wheels meshing with the pinion of the rotor shaft at points thereof diametrieally opposed. l

3. Inra pneumatic rotary turbine drill, the combination of a easing, a rotor, a rotor shaft provided with a pinion, a tool spindle journaled in said easing parallel with the rotor shaft `and provided with gear teeth, speed reducing gearing mounted in said easing and comprising `a plurality` of gear spindles, provided with gear wheels, the corresponding gear spindles of each set intermeshing:

with each other and with the pinion of the rotorshaft, and driving means interposed between one set of speed reducing gear wheels and the teeth of the tool spindle.

4l. In a piieumatie rotary turbine drill, the combination of a easing, a rotor, arotor shaft provided with a pinion, a tool spindle mounted inthe easing parallel with the rotor shaft and provided with gear teeth, speed reducing gearing comprising a 'plurality of sets of gear spindles rotatively mounted in the easing yand provided with gear wheels and pinions, the gear wheels of one of said sets meshing `with the pinion of shaft at points diametrieally opposed, the

gear wheels of the other of said sets meshmg with said pinions of the first mentioned gear spindles, l and power means interposed between the pinions of said last mentioned set of gear spindles and the teeth of said tool spindle.

5. In a pneumatic rotary turbine drill, the combination of a casing, a rotor, a rotor shaft provided with a pinion, a tool spindle journaled in said casing parallel with` the rotor shaft and provided with gear teeth, an intermediate `gear Wheel supported in said the rotor 1 transmitting El l casing and meshing with the gear teeth of the tool spindle, and speed reducing gearing interposed between said intermediate gear :wheel and the pinion of the rotor shaft, and

eom,,n-.ising a plurality of gear spindles, provided with gear wheels, the correspendingl gear spindles of each set intermeshing with each other and with the said intermediate gearivheel and the pinion ofthe rotor shaft.

(3. In a ime'umatie rotary turbine drill, the combination of a easing, a rotor, a rotor shaft provided with a pinion, a tool spindle mounted in the easing parallel with the rotor shaft and provided with gear teelh, an intermediate gear wheel mounted between the rotor shaft and the tool spindle and meshing with the gear teeth of said tool spindle, and speed. reducing gearing comprising a set of gear spindles rotativelv mounted in the easing and provided with gear wheels and pinions, said gear wheels meshing with the pinion of the rotor shaft at points, diametrically opposed, another set of gear spindles mounted in said easing and provided with gear wheels and pinions, said gear wheels meshing with said pinions of theiirst mentioned gear spindle and the said pinions meshing with the said intermediate gear wheel.

7. In a pneumatic drill, the combination of a easing, a rotor, a rotor shaft provided with a pinion, a tool spindle journaled in the easing parallel with the rotor shaft and provided with gear teeth, reducing gearing comprising a set of gear spindles mounted on either side of said rotor shaft, and pro vided with gear wheels and pinions, said gear wheels meshing with the pinions of the frotor shaft, and another set of gear spindles provided with gear wheels and pinions, each gear wheel thereof meshing with a pinion of the first mentioned set of gear spindles, and eaeh pinion thereof in driving `connection with the teeth of said tool spindle.

8. In a pneumatic rotary turbine drill,`the combination of a easing, a rotor, a rotor shaft provided with a pinion, a tool spindle journaled in the easing parallel with the rotor shaft and provided with gear teeth, an intermediate gear wheel lying in the plane of said tool spindle and rotor shaft, and speed reducinggearing comprising a set of gear spindles mounted. on either side of said rotor shaft in a plane at right angles to the first mentioned planes, and provided with geanwheels and pinions, said gear wheels meshing with the pinion of the rotor shaft, and another set of gear spindles provided with gear wheels and pinions, each gear wheel thereof meshing with a pinion of the first mentioned set of gear spindles, and each pinion meshing with thelsaid intermediate gear wheel.

9. In a pneumatic rotary turbine drill,

the combination or' a gear casing, a spindle one end of said gear lcasing,a removabley cover plate at the other end of said gear casing, a rotor in said gear casing, a rotorv shaft extending into said casing, bearings for said rotor sliait supported in said rotor casing andy cover plate, a ltool spindle inthe spindle easing and provided with gear teeth, an intermediate gear Wheel mounted substantially between saidspindle and gear casings and meshing with the gear teeth of said tool-spindle, and. a plurality of sets of speed reducing gears in driving 'connection with said intermediategear Wheel and in tive connection With the rotor shaft.

l0. In aA pneumatic ,rotary turbine drill, the combination of a rotor casing, a gear casing, a rotor, a rotor shaft extending into said gear casing, a spindle casing laterally oliiset from said rotor and gear casings, a tool spindle -mounted in said spindle casing in operative connection With the rotor shaft and projectingfrom said spindle easing, said tool spindle being provided at its inner end With an .endwise extending annular iangeya bearingI guide rigidly secured in said spindle casing projecting into the space formed by said fia-nge, and a' pressure applyino' means mounted upon said spindle casing.

ll. In a pneumatic rotary turbine drill, the combination of .a rotorcasing, a. gear easing,y a rotor, a rotor shaft extendinginto said gear casing, a spindle easing laterally offset from said rotor and gear casing, a tool spindle mounted in said spindle easing in operative connection With the rotor shaft' operaj and projecting from said spindle casing, said '40 tool spindle being providedantfits innerend With an endwise extending annular flange, a bearing-guide rigidly secured in said spindle casino' projecting into the space formed by said llange, an anti-friction end thrust combination of a rotor casing, a gear casing,` j a rotor, arotor shaft extending into the gear e casing, a spindle casingv integral ,with and laterally olset from saidy gear casing, a tool spindle `mounted insaid spindle casing in operative eonnectionvvith said lrotorshaft and projecting from one end of the spindle casing, a cylindre bearing guide secured in said spindle casing at the opposite end thereof, a bearing ilangeat the inner end of saidV tool spindle surrounding'said bearing guide,

an antifriction bearing between the annular bearing surfaces of saidbearing flange and guide, a thrust bearing betweenthe adjacent ends of the tool spindle and said bear,-

meuntedin the end of said spindle casing adjacent to said bearing guide and in aXialr alinement with 'the' `tool spindle.

ln testimony, that Ielaim'the foregoing ,y

as my invention laflix my `signature in the presence of two witnesses, this 4th day 'of September A. 13.71913. i

unirti-Iori) A.l rionLiivef;4 Vitnesses C. S.,MooNnY, e M. J. BURKEL.

Copies of this patent may beobtaiiied for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patentsl Washington, ZD. C.

. ing guide, and a pressure *applying-means 

